Description
- Cover
- Halftitle Page
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Brief Contents
- Contents
- Chapter Opening Stories
- Index of Boxed Features
- Preface
- The Student Experience
- Teaching Tools
- Acknowledgments
- About the Author
- Dedication
- Reviewers for the Twelfth Edition
- To the Student—Study Smart
- Chapter 1 Introduction to Microbiology: Then and Now
- 1-1 Microbial Communities Support and Affect All Life on Earth
- 1-2 The Human Body Has Its Own Microbiome
- 1-3 Microbiology Then: The Pioneers
- 1-4 The Microbial World Is Cataloged into Unique Groups
- 1-5 Microbiology Now: Challenges Remain
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 2 The Chemical Building Blocks of Life
- 2-1 Organisms Are Composed of Atoms
- 2-2 Chemical Bonds Form Between Reactive Atoms
- 2-3 All Living Organisms Depend on Water
- 2-4 Living Organisms Are Composed of Four Types of Large Organic Molecules
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 3 Naming, Observing, and Cataloging the Microbial World
- 3-1 Nomenclature Assigns a Scientific Name to Organisms
- 3-2 Microscopy Is Used to Visualize the Structure of Cells and Viruses
- 3-3 Staining and Other Light Microscopy Techniques Provide Contrast
- 3-4 Classifying Microorganisms Reveals Relationships Between Organisms
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 4 Structure and Organization of Prokaryotic Cells
- 4-1 Prokaryotes Can Be Distinguished by Their Cell Shape and Arrangements
- 4-2 Bacterial and Archaeal Cells Have an Organized Structure
- 4-3 Cell-Surface Structures Interact with the Environment
- 4-4 Most Prokaryotic Cells Have a Cell Envelope
- 4-5 The Cell Cytoplasm Is Packed with Internal Structures
- 4-6 There Is Tremendous Diversity Among the Domains Bacteria and Archaea
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 5 Eukaryotic Microbial Cells and Parasites
- 5-1 Eukaryotic Cells Contain a Variety of Organelles
- 5-2 The Eukaryotic Cell Arose from Prokaryotic Ancestors
- 5-3 The Fungi Include the Molds and Yeasts
- 5-4 The Protists Exhibit Great Structural and Functional Diversity
- 5-5 Parasitic Helminths Cause Substantial Morbidity Worldwide
- As a Final Point …
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 6 The Viruses and Other Infectious Agents
- 6-1 Filterable Infectious Agents Cause Disease
- 6-2 Viruses Have a Simple Structural Organization
- 6-3 Viruses Can Be Classified by Their Genome
- 6-4 Virus Replication Follows a Set of Common Steps
- 6-5 Viruses and Their Infections Can Be Detected in Various Ways
- 6-6 Some Viruses Are Associated with Human Tumors and Cancers
- 6-7 Emerging Viruses Arise from Genetic Recombination and Mutation
- 6-8 Prions Are Noncellular Infectious Agents
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 7 Microbial Growth and Nutrition
- 7-1 Microbial Growth and Reproduction Comprise the Cell Cycle
- 7-2 Optimal Growth Is Dependent on Several Physical and Chemical Factors
- 7-3 Culture Media Can Be Used to Grow Many Microbes
- 7-4 Population Measurements Are Made Using Pure Cultures
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 8 Microbial Metabolism
- 8-1 Enzymes and Energy Drive Cellular Metabolism
- 8-2 Aerobic Respiration Is a Pathway to ATP Production
- 8-3 Anaerobic Metabolism Involves Other Pathways to ATP Production
- 8-4 Photosynthesis Converts Light Energy to Chemical Energy
- 8-5 Microbes Exhibit Metabolic Diversity
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 9 Microbial Genetics
- 9-1 The Hereditary Molecule in All Organisms Is DNA
- 9-2 DNA Replication Is Part of the Cell Cycle
- 9-3 Gene Expression Produces RNA and Protein for Cell Function
- 9-4 Mutations Are Heritable Changes in a Cell’s DNA
- 9-5 Techniques Exist for Identifying Mutants
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 10 Gene Transfer, Genetic Engineering, and Genomics
- 10-1 Bacterial Cells Can Recombine Genes in Several Ways
- 10-2 Genetic Engineering Involves the Deliberate Transfer of Genes Between Organisms
- 10-3 Microbial Genomics Studies Genes and Genomes at the Single-Cell to Community Levels
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 11 Control of Microorganisms: Physical Methods and Chemical Agents
- 11-1 Microbial Growth Can Be Controlled in Several Ways
- 11-2 A Variety of Physical Methods Can Control Microbial Growth
- 11-3 Chemical Control Usually Involves Disinfection
- 11-4 A Variety of Chemical Agents Can Limit Microbial Growth
- As a Final Point …
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 12 Control of Microorganisms: Antimicrobial Drugs and Superbugs
- 12-1 Antimicrobial Agents Are Chemical Substances Used to Treat Infectious Disease
- 12-2 Synthetic Antibacterial Agents Primarily Inhibit DNA Synthesis and Cell Wall Formation
- 12-3 Beta-Lactam Antibiotics Target Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis
- 12-4 Other Antibiotics Target Some Aspect of Metabolism
- 12-5 Several Tests Evaluate Microbial Susceptibility to Antimicrobials
- 12-6 Other Antimicrobial Drugs Target Viruses, Fungi, and Parasites
- 12-7 Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Is a Growing Challenge
- As a Final Point …
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 13 Diagnosing Infections
- 13-1 Several Methods Are Available to Identify and Diagnose an Infection
- 13-2 Clinical Specimens for Testing Must Be of High Quality
- 13-3 Phenotypic Methods Include Microscopy, Staining, and Biochemical Testing
- 13-4 Molecular Tests Make Use of Nucleic Acid Sequencing and Protein Detection
- 13-5 Serological Tests Involve Immunological Reactions
- A Final Point …
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 14 Infectious Diseases of the Respiratory System
- 14-1 The Respiratory System and a Resident Microbiome Normally Hinder Bacterial Colonization
- 14-2 Several Microbial Infections Affect the URT
- 14-3 Some Pathogens Can Spread from the URT to the LRT
- 14-4 Several Other Prokaryotic, Viral, and Eukaryotic Pathogens Target the LRT
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 15 Infectious Diseases of the Digestive System
- 15-1 The Digestive System Has a Diverse Resident Microbiome
- 15-2 Bacterial Diseases of the Oral Cavity Can Affect One’s Overall Health
- 15-3 GI Tract Pathogens Usually Are Spread Through Food and Water
- 15-4 Some Bacterial Diseases Are the Result of Foodborne Intoxications
- 15-5 GI Infections Can Be Caused by Several Bacterial Pathogens
- 15-6 Digestive System Illnesses Also Can Be Caused by Viruses and Eukaryotic Microbes
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 16 Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin, Soft Tissues, and Eyes
- 16-1 The Skin Contains a Resident Microbiome
- 16-2 A Variety of Skin Diseases Are the Result of Bacterial Pathogens
- 16-3 Several Viruses Are Associated with Human Skin Infections
- 16-4 Some Fungi and Parasites Can Invade the Skin
- 16-5 Several Infectious Diseases Affect the Eye
- As a Final Point …
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 17 Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System
- 17-1 The Nervous System Defenses Are Primarily Structural
- 17-2 Bacterial Diseases of the Central Nervous System Can Be Life-Threatening Emergencies
- 17-3 Some Viral Pathogens Target the Central Nervous System
- 17-4 Diseases of the Nervous System Can Be Caused by Eukaryotic Microorganisms
- As a Final Point …
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 18 Systemic Infectious Diseases
- 18-1 The Human Body Has Two Systems for Transporting Fluids
- 18-2 Several Circulatory System Diseases Are Caused by Bacteria and Helminthic Parasites
- 18-3 Systemic Bacterial Diseases Can be Spread by Arthropods
- 18-4 Viruses Can Cause Human Systemic Diseases
- 18-5 Malaria and Sleeping Sickness Are Two Prominent Systemic Protistan Diseases
- As a Final Point …
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 19 Infectious Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems
- 19-1 Urinary Tract Infections Are the Second Most Common Body Infection
- 19-2 Several Bacterial Species Are Associated with Urinary Tract Infections
- 19-3 Portions of the Female and Male Reproductive Systems Contain a Resident Microbiome
- 19-4 Several Prominent STIs Are Caused by Bacteria and Protists
- 19-5 Several STIs Are Caused by Viruses
- 19-6 The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Is Responsible for HIV Infection and AIDS
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 20 The Host–Microbe Relationship and Infectious Disease Epidemiology
- 20-1 The Host and Microbe Have an Intimate Relationship in Health and Disease
- 20-2 Pathogens Differ in Their Ability to Cause Infectious Disease
- 20-3 Pathogens Are Transmitted from a Reservoir
- 20-4 Establishment of Infection Can Lead to Disease
- 20-5 Epidemiology Is Key to Fighting Infectious Diseases
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 21 The Immune Response to Infection: Innate Immunity
- 21-1 The Immune System Is a Network of Cells and Molecules to Defend Against Foreign Substances
- 21-2 Surface Barriers Are the First Line of Defense
- 21-3 Innate Immunity Is a Cellular Response to Pathogen Invasion
- 21-4 Innate Immunity Also Produces Molecules That Affect or Damage Pathogens
- As a Final Point . . .
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 22 The Immune Response to Infection: Adaptive Immunity and Vaccination
- 22-1 The Adaptive Immune Response Targets a Specific Invading Pathogen
- 22-2 Humoral Immunity Is an Antibody-Mediated Immune Response to Infection
- 22-3 Cell-Mediated Immunity Is a T-Lymphocyte Response to Infection
- 22-4 Vaccines Can Build Adaptive Immunity to Some Infectious Diseases
- A Final Point …
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Chapter 23 Infectious Disease and Immune Disorders
- 23-1 Type I Hypersensitivity Represents a Familiar Allergic Response
- 23-2 Other Types of Hypersensitivities Represent Immediate or Delayed Reactions
- 23-3 Autoimmune Disorders and Transplantation Are Immune Responses to “Self”
- 23-4 Immunodeficiency Disorders Can Be Inherited or Acquired
- As a Final Point …
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Chapter Self-Test
- Appendix A Pronunciation Guide to Microorganisms
- Appendix B Metric Measurement and Temperature Conversion Chart
- Appendix C CDC Summary of Notifiable Diseases in the United States 2018
- Glossary
- Index